Túpac amaru ii

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Túpac Amaru II gave his life in the fight against Spanish colonialism

Decades before Simón Bolivar and José de San Martin fought the wars of Spanish American independence, there was a Great Rebellion in the Andes.

From 1780 to 1783, tens of thousands of indigenous people rose up against colonialism in what’s now Perú and Bolivia.

In the end, the Rebellion was repressed by Spanish troops. But the lesson was everlasting: do not mess with the indigenous peoples of South America.

Túpac Amaru II led the 1780s rebellion against Spanish rule

Ever since the region was violently conquered by Spain in the sixteenth century, the indigenous population had been oppressed and exploited by a ruthless system of racial and class hierarchy.

The mass of “ indios”, who formed a majority of the population in Peru under Spanish rule, were subjected to forced labour on public works and down the mines. Over the centuries, hundreds of thousands died from the brutal labour conditions.

On top of this, there was a head tax – or ‘Tribute’ – extracted from the indigenous communi

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Túpac Amaru II (1738 – 1781) was born Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui in the Tinta region of Peru. At that time, a large part of South America was ruled by Spain, and the population was a mixture of Spanish, Native Americans, and people of African origin (many of them enslaved). As a young man, Condorcanqui inherited his father’s role as cacique (leader of the local indigenous peoples). He repeatedly appealed to the Spanish governors to reduce the heavy taxes and improve working conditions (including forced labour) for the local people.

When his appeals were ignored, Condorcanqui eventually arrested the Corregidor (a local Spanish official) Antonio de Arriaga and had him hanged in front of a large crowd. Condorcanqui renamed himself Túpac Amaru II, after his ancestor who was the last indigenous ruler of the Incas, and launched an uprising in favour of freedom for indigenous and enslaved peoples.

The rebellion, initially led by Túpac Amaru along with his wife Micaela Bastidas, raged between 1780 – 1783. Túpac asserted the rebellion was the result of ‘repeated outcries’ from the

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Túpac Amaru II

Leader of a large Andean uprising against the Spanish in Peru (1738–1781)

This article is about an 18th century Peruvian rebel. He is not to be confused with the Inca ruler Túpac Amaru, the contemporaneous rebel Túpac Katari from the region now called Bolivia, or former American rapper Tupac Shakur.

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Condorcanqui and the second or maternal family name is Noguera.

José Gabriel Condorcanqui (c. 1742 – 18 May 1781) – known as Tupaq Amaru II – was an Indigenous leader who led a large Andean rebellion against the Spanish in Peru^[4] as self-proclaimedSapa Inca of a new Inca Empire.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] He later became a mythical figure in the Peruvian struggle for independence and indigenous rights movement, as well as an inspiration to a myriad of causes in Spanish America and beyond.

Early life

Tupaq Amaru II was born José Gabriel Condorcanqui Noguera in around 1742^[3] in Surimana, Tungasuca, in